Hydrogen from Water & the Science behind it. ELECTROLYSIS is the method we will look at to separate the hydrogen atoms from the oxygen atom in water molecules.  To understand how this takes place you need to remember that a hydrogen atom has only one electron, but it is more stable when it has combined with another atom that shares an electron in its orbit.  We know that two hydrogen atoms combine with a single oxygen atom to make water.  You need to have two electrodes in the water, usually made of stainless steel in most HHO gas generators. Connect the two leads from a 12 volt battery to the electrodes.  Connect the negative to one and the positive to the other.  The plates are to be submerged in the water and not touching.  Now, water is not a good conductor of electricity, so you need to add an electrolyte like baking soda, which will allow water to conduct electricity. We know that electricity is the flow of electrons and that they flow from negative to positive.  When you pass electricity through the water, hydrogen is released at the negative electrode called the cathode and oxygen is released at the positive electrode called the anode.  Here is my personal understanding and theory of what takes place.  As the electrons flow into the water, the water molecule is not completely separated--instead, one of the hydrogen atoms is released from two water molecules and then those water molecules combine and form H2O2. 2H20 = H2 & H2O2 This change occurs, because two or more negatively charged electrons jump into the orbit of the water atom and released one of the hydrogen.  The HO then combines with another HO to form H2O2.  This is at the cathode where electrons are flowing into the water.  H2O2 is hydrogen peroxide and the amount produced is very minimal compared to the volume of hydrogen in its gaseous form. At the cathode electrons are flowing out of the water and oxygen is released.  Again the water atoms are not split, but four water molecules are split and combined into two molecules.  One water molecules lose its oxygen atom and then it combine with another water molecule to form two H4O molecules 4H20 = O2 & 2H4O H4O is hydrogen bonded water. Again this is in minimal quantities compared to the large volume of oxygen in its gaseous form.  Will there be a build up of hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen bonded water, or do they eventually come into contact with each other and go back to H2O.  I am not going to go into that as we are just interested in producing hydrogen and oxygen from water. HHO GAS production in most of the home engineered water hybrid cars is made with a small HHO gas generator.  As the hydrogen and oxygen gas is released there is two hydrogen atoms for every oxygen atom.  The HHO gas flows out of the generator, through a hose or tube and into the air intake before your carburator or throttle body.  The amount of HHO gas is not enough to run your engine alone, but it can increase your mileage on average of about 40%.  I have talked to people who are getting 75 miles to the gallon, but that is with a small economy car. To run your car on HHO gas only, you would need to produce about 90 liters of HHO gas per minute, which is a lot.  Most HHO gas generator installed on cars produce about 1 liter per minutes and when installing on a big diesel truck people normally install six HHO gas generator to produce enough gas.  So, if it requires about ninety liters to run an engine, how can one liter increase your mileage so much?  To understand how this is possible we need to look at the modern internal combustion engine. As I write this one of the hot topics about mileage is a 1989 Ford Mustang that had its engine modified.  Doug Pelmear claimed that he perfected an engine his grand father developed back in the 1940’s.  He did not say what the secret is to his engine, because he is still waiting on a few patents to be approved, but he has increased the horse power and improved the gas mileage.  Pelmear says his 1989 Mustang will get 110 miles per gallon and has 400 horse power.  He said that most engines are only 10% efficient and he claims to has increased it to 38%.  So, if our engines are only 10% efficient in converting gasoline into power to turn the wheels on your car, where is all the power going? The answer will make you mad!  It is all going right out your cars exhaust. I used to have an old wore out 1984 Chevrolet Corvette and I always wanted to put igniters on the exhaust.  An igniter is just an electrical spark at the end of your tail pipe.  I never did install one, because they are illegal, but I sure did talk about doing it.  If you have a spark on your tailpipe and you give it the gas, flames will shoot out.  That is because there is a lot of unburned gasoline going right out the exhaust.  If we could get all the gas to burn in the combustion chamber no telling what kind of mileage you could get.  I still have a Chevrolet Corvette, but it is a 1989 model Corvette.  It has a 350 cubic inch engine, has 405 horse power and averages 30.5 miles per gallon, without an HHO gas generator. How is that possible?  Chevrolet has put their engineering into making the 350 more efficient.  In other words, they needed to have the engine burn more of the gasoline in the engine, when the piston was as top dead center, so it will have more power and speed. There was a man who drove through Southeast Texas about 30 years ago.  He had driven from Florida to Texas and he was still on his first tank of gasoline and he still did not need to fill up.  He claimed that he had built and installed a fuel vaporizer that vaporized the gasoline before it went into the carburator and he was getting over 80 miles per gallon.  He had rented a conference room at one of the larger hotels in Beaumont Texas, but he was told by law enforcement that he could not speak about it because it was against the law.  I wonder what ever happened to him and his fuel vaporizer. I am not sure why it would be against the law, because it is not against the law to have controlled explosions inside every engine driving down the road. I told you about those cars and their increased mileage, to illustrate how little of our gas is burning inside the engine and so you will understand that a little HHO gas can dramatically increase the mileage.  You know that the octane of regular gasoline is 82 and premium is about 92, but you have to pay more at the pump for premium.  According to the America Hydrogen Association the octane of hydrogen is 130, so adding a little HHO gas will boost the octane at the source of ignition in the engine.  Now too much octane does not necessarily give you better gas mileage.  Octane causes the gasoline to ignite a little later.  Have you ever bought bad, or cheap gasoline that caused your engine to knock, or ping?  That is caused by the gasoline igniting a little too soon.  If the gasoline ignites too soon it will explode as the piston is still traveling up, before it reaches the top, or top dead center and starts the downward stroke.  If you have too much octane it will cause the gasoline to burn a little more, but it will ignite a little later.  If you have too much octane you will need to advance the timing. So, how can a little HHO gas increase your mileage?  It has to do with not only the hydrogen, but the oxygen.  Remember that pure hydrogen will burn, but hydrogen and oxygen together is six times more combustible and when ignited it explodes.  Well, the same is with gasoline, when you add oxygen it burns more, not to mention the fact that the HHO gas is exploding with the gasoline mist. Hydrogen in air burns at 4,352 degrees farenhet (2,400 celcius) and hydrogen in pure oxygen burns at 5,576 degrees farenheit (3,080 celcius).  Now I stated that the gasoline engine runs at 10% efficiency, but others say it is actually 25% to 30% and 70% to 75% of your gas is being wasted and goes out you tail pipe and into the atmosphere as pollution.  The explosion of the HHO gas with the gasoline causes the gasoline to burn more completely in the engine, which means you have to let up on the gas pedal and put less gasoline in the engine to drive the same speed. I was talking with a man who was driving with a HHO gas generator on his car and it ran out of water while he was driving down the highway at about 75 miles an hour.  He said he knew when it ran out of water, because he had to push the accelerator down much more to maintain a speed of 75 miles an hour. I wish I knew what that guy did you his 1989 Mustang to get 110 miles per gallon.  Can you imagine driving 1,980 miles on one 18 gallon tank of gasoline.  At 20 miles per gallon you could only go 360 miles on that same tank of gasoline.  Running on straight gasoline I have to fill up my tank every week, but if I got 110 miles per gallon I would only have to fill up every 5 ½ weeks.  At 20 miles per gallon I would have to fill up 52 times a year, but at 110 miles per gallon I would only have to fill up 9 ½ times! Now obviously the oil companies do not want us to get 110 miles per gallon.  Exxon’s profits in 2007 were $40.6 billion, but if that was reduced by the same ratio as 20 mpg to 110 mpg, then they would make $33.3 billion less. You know who else does not want you to get 110 miles per gallon?  That would be the government.  In 2006 Americans burned 140 billion gallons of gasoline and the federal government made $21 billion in taxes.  At 110 miles per gallon they would make $17 billion less! They would only make about $4 billion and they won’t, they can’t, let that happen.  I think we should all do what ever it takes to burn less gasoline. Before we wrap up the subject of HHO science I want to talk about separating hydrogen and oxygen from water by using a fast pulse of electric current.  You can see the patents for this process, but they do not give the exact pulse rate or frequency.  Many people are experimenting with it and you can build or buy a pulse generator online. When you separate the hydrogen and oxygen in water by an electric pulse it is separated in a different way.  Unlike using a steady current the gas forms in the middle between the plates, not at each plate.  Remember that with the steady electric current the negative electrode produced hydrogen and the positive electrode produced oxygen. Well, when a pulse is used the hydrogen and oxygen are formed in the middle between the plates.  They say that you can use a lot less current and produce a lot more hydrogen with pulsed electric current.  Remember my theory about how the hydrogen atom splits off and hydrogen peroxide is formed on the negative electrode and how oxygen atoms are split off and hydrogen bonded water if formed at the negative electrode.  I believe that the when you use the pulse that this does not occur.  I believe you get more hydrogen and use less energy, because what takes place is much simpler.  I believe the two hydrogen atoms just split off from the oxygen atom. RESONANCE is what makes the hydrogen and oxygen separate with less energy.  That is what Stan Meyer did to run a car on water.  He found the right frequency to pulse the electric current through the water to excite the molecules.  You know that microwave ovens heat food with radio waves.  The radio waves are about 2.5 gigahertz.  The way it heats food is by exciting the water molecules and causing them to vibrate and get hot.  Excite the water molecules is the same word Stan Meyer used.  He would excite the water molecules with a pulse of electricity that induced electrolysis at the same time.  This is easily done, but hard to maintain.  What happens is that as soon as you get the water molecules excited, or cause them to resonate, the volume of the water changes and the frequency that causes them to resonate changes and the process slows down.  When you get the water molecules to resonate during electrolysis the amount of hydrogen gas and oxygen that is produces if phenomenal! One way to understand what resonance is, is to compare it to a tether ball.  Do you remember the game where you have a metal pole about 8’ tall that has a ball similar to a volleyball attached to a rope connected to the top of the pole.  You hit the ball and it will swing around the pole on the end of the rope. Now, if you were to hit the ball in the same direction every time it passes and you were to time your swing to make perfect contact every time the ball passes, the ball would go faster and faster.  You have reached perfect resonance with the ball spinning around the pole.  If you changed the angle, direction or timing then you would not hit the ball as it passed and it would slow down.  Imagine a machine that would hit the ball every time making it go faster and faster until the force was so strong that the line holding it would break and the ball would fly away, free from the pole.  That is what we need to work on—maintaining the resonance that excites the water molecules making them unstable while sending a stream of electrons through them. Remember I said that when you hit the resonance of water that the frequency changed.  Stan Meyers knew that and he patented a way to adjust the resonance to keep it at the right frequency but Meyers left some details out.  Many believe that his discovery cost him his life, so my advice to anybody who figures it out, is to let everybody know exactly how it is done and that way it cannot be shut down.
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